Syllabus

The complete chapter-and-topic map of the book, aligned to the NCERT Exploring Society: India and Beyond (Grade 8, Part 1). Click any chapter to open its overview, or jump straight to a numbered topic.

Theme A: India and the World — Land and the People

1Natural Resources and Their Use8 topics

1.1What Makes Something a Resource 1.2Types of Natural Resources 1.3Distribution of Resources 1.4Ecosystem Services 1.5Using Resources Sustainably 1.6Going Deeper (Exam Prep) 1.7Summary 1.8Check Your Understanding

Theme B: Tapestry of the Past

2Reshaping India's Political Map8 topics

2.1The Delhi Sultanate 2.2The Vijayanagara Empire 2.3Regional Powers and Resistance 2.4The Mughal Empire 2.5The Decline of the Mughals 2.6Going Deeper (Exam Prep) 2.7Summary 2.8Check Your Understanding

3The Rise of the Marathas10 topics

3.1The Rise of Shivaji 3.2Coronation and Swarajya 3.3Administration and Governance 3.4Successors and the Mughal Challenge 3.5The Maratha Confederacy 3.6Cultural Contributions 3.7Decline of the Marathas 3.8Going Deeper (Exam Prep) 3.9Summary 3.10Check Your Understanding

4The Colonial Era in India8 topics

4.1The Age of Colonialism 4.2Europeans Arrive in India 4.3The East India Company and British Expansion 4.4Economic Exploitation 4.5The Revolt of 1857 4.6Going Deeper (Exam Prep) 4.7Summary 4.8Check Your Understanding

Theme D: Governance and Democracy

5Universal Franchise and India's Electoral System8 topics

5.1Universal Adult Franchise 5.2How Voting Works 5.3Types of Elections 5.4The Election Commission 5.5Challenges to Democracy 5.6Going Deeper (Exam Prep) 5.7Summary 5.8Check Your Understanding

6The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive10 topics

6.1What Is a Parliamentary System 6.2The Structure of Parliament 6.3The Legislature and Its Functions 6.4The Executive 6.5How a Bill Becomes a Law 6.6Holding the Government Accountable 6.7Government in the States 6.8Going Deeper (Exam Prep) 6.9Summary 6.10Check Your Understanding

Theme E: Economic Life Around Us

7Factors of Production9 topics

7.1What Are Factors of Production 7.2Land 7.3Labour and Human Capital 7.4Capital 7.5Entrepreneurship 7.6Bringing the Factors Together 7.7Going Deeper (Exam Prep) 7.8Summary 7.9Check Your Understanding